Publications of Thomas Ward

Note: The following printer, bookseller, or publisher lists are works in progress. They are generated from title page imprints and may reproduce false and misleading attributions or contain errors.

What does "printed by" mean? How to read the roles ascribed to people in the imprints.

In terms of the book trades, the lists below are sorted into up to four groups where: the person is designated in the imprint as having a single role:

  1. "printed by x"; or
  2. "sold by x"; or
  3. "printed for x" or "published by x"; or

as having multiple roles in combination (which suggests a likelihood that the person is a trade publisher):

  1. "printed and sold by x"; "printed for and sold by x"; or "printed by and for x" and so on.

Printers (owners of the type and printing presses, and possibly owners of the copyright) may be identified by the words printed by, but printed by does not universally designate a person who is a printer by trade. Booksellers may be identified by the words sold by, but sold by encompasses a number of roles. Booksellers or individuals who owned the copyright are generally identified by the words printed for, but nothing should be concluded in this regard without further evidence, especially since "printed for" could signify that the named person was a distributor rather than a copyright holder. Trade publishers, who distributed books and pamphlets but did not own the copyright or employ a printer—and were not printers themselves—might be identified by the words printed and sold by. Furthermore, works from this period often display false imprints, whether to evade copyright restrictions, to conceal the name of the copyright holders, or to dupe unwitting customers. Ultimately, one must proceed with caution in using the following lists: designations in the imprints may not reliably reflect the actual trades or roles of the people named, and the formulas used in imprints do not consistently mean the same thing.

David Foxon discussed the "meaning of the imprint" in his Lyell Lecture delivered at Oxford in March 1976, with particular attention to "publishers" in the eighteenth-century context:

The fullest form of an imprint is one which names three people, or groups of people:
     London: printed by X (the printer), for Y (the bookseller who owned the copyright), and sold by Z.
In the eighteenth century the printer's name is rarely given, at least in works printed in London, and the form is more commonly:
     London: printed for Y, and sold by Z.
Very often in this period, and particularly for pamphlets, it is further abbreviated to:
     London: printed and sold by Z.
It is this last form which is my present concern. Z is usually what the eighteenth century called 'a publisher', or one who distributes books and pamphlets without having any other responsibility—he does not own the copyright or employ a printer, or even know the author.

D. F. McKenzie coined the term "trade publisher" for these publishers in his Sandars Lectures, also in 1976, on the grounds that their principal role was to publish on behalf of other members of the book trade (Treadwell 100).

Michael Treadwell cautions that "In this period the imprint 'London: Printed and sold by A.B.' normally means 'Printed at London, and sold by A.B.' and must not be taken to mean that A.B. is a printer in the absence of other evidence." Further, "The imprint 'published by' occurs only rarely in Wing and is almost always associated with the name of a trade publisher" (104). While there are exceptions to the rule, it is "certain," he explains, "that anyone who made a speciality of distributing works for others will show a far higher proportion than normal of imprints in one of the 'sold by' forms" (116), which appear in the imprint as "sold by," "printed and sold by," or "published by" (104). Treadwell gives Walter Kettilby as an example of "a fairly typical copyright-owning bookseller" (106)—his role is almost always designated by the phrase "printed for" on imprints.

A final caution: publisher is a word that should be used with some deliberation. Samuel Johnson defines it simply as "One who puts out a book into the world," but "published by" rarely appears on the imprint until later in the eighteenth century, and then primarily associated with newspapers and pamphlets. Treadwell observes that John Dunton names only five publishers among the 200 binders and booksellers in his autobiographical Life and Errors (1705) wherein he undertakes "to draw the Character of the most Eminent [Stationers] in the Three Kingdoms" (100). Treadwell also remarks, however, that "in law, anyone who offered a work for sale 'published' it. In this sense every work had one or more 'publishers', and every bookseller, mercury, and hawker was a 'publisher'" (114).

See:

  • Terry Belanger, "From Bookseller to Publisher: Changes in the London Book Trade, 1750–1850," in Book Selling and Book Buying. Aspects of the Nineteenth-Century British and North American Book Trade, ed. Richard G. Landon (Chicago: American Library Association, 1978).
  • Bricker, Andrew Benjamin. "Who was 'A. Moore'? The Attribution of Eighteenth-Century Publications with False and Misleading Imprints," in The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America 110.2 (2016).
  • John Dunton, The Life and Errors of John Dunton (London: Printed for S. Malthus, 1705).
  • John Feather, "The Commerce of Letters: The Study of the Eighteenth-Century Book Trade," Eighteenth-Century Studies 17 (1984).
  • David Foxon, Pope and the Early Eighteenth-Century Book Trade, ed. James McLaverty (Oxford University Press, 1991).
  • Samuel Johnson, Dictionary of the English Language, (printed for J. and P. Knapton; T. and T. Longman; C. Hitch and L. Hawes; A. Millar; and R. and J. Dodsley, 1755).
  • D.F. McKenzie, The London Book Trade in the Later Seventeenth Century (Sandars lectures in bibliography, 1977).
  • Michael Treadwell, "London Trade Publishers 1675–1750," The Library sixth series, vol. 4, no. 2 (1982).

Printed for Thomas Ward

  • Berriman, William. The great blessing of redemption from captivity. A sermon Preached at the Cathedral Church of St. Paul, December 4, 1721. Before the captives Redeem'd by the late Treaty with the Emperor of Morocco. By William Berriman, M. A. Chaplain to the Right Reverend the Lord Bishop of London. Publish'd by his Lordship's Command. London: printed for Thomas Ward in the Inner Temple Lane, and Charles Rivington at the Bible and Crown in St. Paul's Church-Yard, [1722]. ESTC No. T54171. Grub Street ID 281036.

Author

  • Ward, Thomas. Speculum ecclesiasticum, or, An ecclesiastical prospective-glass. Wherein may be clearly seen the doctrine of the primitive church for the first 500 years after our Saviour; especially as to the chiefest points in debate between Protestants and Roman Catholicks, viz. The visible and continued succession of the church: that the pope or bishop of Rome is the true successor of St. Peter, and supream head of the universal church: the churches infallibility: and its unity: and also the real presence of the body and blood of Christ in the blessed sacrament: auricular confession and and absolution: invocation and prayer to saints: purgatory and prayer for the dead. And lastly, that apostolical tradition is the true rule of faith. All which is plainly prov'd, both by Holy Scripture, and the undenyable testimony of primitive fathers, in the first 500 years. Durin which time, the church is by the consent of the chiefest leading Protestants acknowledg'd to be in its purity, ... cities. London: printed by Nathaniel Thompson at the entrance into Old-Spring-Garden near Charing-Cross, anno Domini MDCLXXXVII. [1687]. ESTC No. R218022. Grub Street ID 92738.
  • Ward, Thomas. Monomachia: or A duel between Dr. Tho. Tenison pastor of St. Martins, and a Roman Catholick souldier; wherein the Speculum eclesiasticum is defended against the frivolous cavils, vain objections, and false aspersions of Doctor Tenison. The Dr. also put to defend his form o ordination, and to prove himself priest and pastor of St. Martins. And lastly to hear the confessions of his parishioners, and give them absolution. By Thomas Ward. With allowance. London: printed for the author, 1687. ESTC No. R8225. Grub Street ID 128422.
  • Ward, Thomas. The errata to the Protestant Bible, or, The truth of their English translations examin'd, in a treatise shewing some of the errors that are to be found in the Protestant English translations of the sacred scripture, against such points of Catholick doctrine as are in debate between them and the Church of Rome. In which also, from their mis-translating the twenty third verse of the fourteenth chapter of the acts of the apostles, the consecration of Dr. Matthew Parker, the first Protestant arch-bishop of Canterbvry, is occasionally consider'd. By T.W. ... London: printed by W[illiam]. Downing, and sold by most booksellers, 1688. ESTC No. R186256. Grub Street ID 75011.
  • Ward, Thomas. The errata to the Protestant Bible, or, The truth of their English translations examin'd, in a treatise shewing some of the errors that are to be found in the Protestant English translations of the Sacred Scripture, against such points of Catholick doctrine as are in debate between them and the Church of Rome. In which also, from their mis-translating the twenty third verse of the fourteenth chapter of the Acts of the Apostles, the consecration of Dr. Matthew Parker, the first Protestant Arch-Bishop of Canterbury, is occasionally consider'd. By T.W. With allowance. London: printed for the author, and sold by most booksellers, 1688. ESTC No. R12310. Grub Street ID 60510.
  • Ward, Thomas. England's Reformation from the time of King Henry the VIIIth to the end of Oates's plot. By Thomas Ward. [Hambourgh i.e. Saint-Omer]: Printed at Hambourgh, 1710. ESTC No. T132416. Grub Street ID 181338.
  • Ward, Thomas. England's Reformation, (from the time of K. Henry VIII. to the end of Oates's plot.) A poem in four cantos. By Thomas Ward. London: printed for John Baker, at the Black-Boy in Peter-Noster-Row, 1715. ESTC No. T132411. Grub Street ID 181334.
  • Ward, Thomas. England's Reformation: from the time of King Henry VIII, to the end of Oates's plot, a poem, in four canto's. With large marginal notes, according to the original. By Thomas Ward. London: printed for W. B. and sold by Thomas Bickerton, 1716. ESTC No. T132414. Grub Street ID 181336.
  • Ward, Thomas. The controversy of ordination truly stated; as far as it concerns the Church of England by law establish'd. Being an exposition of the thirty sixth Article. With a full account of what both Roman Catholicks and Protestants, have deliver'd upon the subject of ordination. Especially, The Attempt of Dr. Burnet late Bishop of Salisbury, in order to clear that Point, is impartially consider'd. Also, Contradiction authoris'd, by the ecclesiastical canons, and the Thirty Nine Articles, of the Church of England: With some Reflections upon the same. By Thomas Ward, Author of the History of the Reformation. London: printed by and for J. L. near Coventgarden, [1719]. ESTC No. T132408. Grub Street ID 181331.
  • Ward, Thomas. England's Reformation, (from the time of K. Henry Viii. to the end of Oates's plot.) A poem in four cantos. By Thomas Ward. London: printed, and sold by E. More, Bookseller in Duke-Street, near Lincoln's-Inn-Fields, Anno. Dom. 1719. ESTC No. T132412. Grub Street ID 181335.
  • Ward, Thomas. Contradiction authoris'd. By the ecclesiastical canons and the thirty nine articles of the Church of England. With some reflections upon the same. By Thomas Ward, ... London: printed, in the year, 1730. ESTC No. T223576. Grub Street ID 246160.
  • Ward, Thomas. England's Reformation, from the time of King Henry the Eighth, to the end of Oate's plot. A poem in four cantos. By Thomas Ward. London: printed in year of our Lord, 1731. ESTC No. N6951. Grub Street ID 50539.
  • Ward, Thomas. England's Reformation, from the time of King Henry the Eighth, to the end of Oate's plot. A poem in four cantos. By Thomas Ward. With Marginal Notes to justify the Facts related: As also the Author's Life, with several Alterations and Additions faithfully extracted from the Author's Manuscript, hitherto not extant in any of the three Editions of this Work already printed. London: printed in year [sic] of our Lord, MDCCXXXI. [1731]. ESTC No. T193241. Grub Street ID 227447.
  • Ward, Thomas. Errata to the Protestant Bible: or, the truth of their English translations examined: in a treatise shewing some of the errors that are to be found in the Protestant English translations of the Sacred Scripture, against such points of Catholick doctrine as are in debate between them and the Church of Rome. ... By Thomas Ward, ... London: printed for P. Meighan, 1737. ESTC No. T202708. Grub Street ID 233542.
  • Ward, Thomas. Errata to the Protestant Bible: or, the truth of their English translations examined: in a treatise shewing some of the errors that are to be found in the Protestant English translations of the Sacred Scripture, against such points of Catholick doctrine as are in debate between them and the Church of Rome. ... By Thomas Ward, ... London: printed for James Mead, 1737. ESTC No. N31198. Grub Street ID 20102.
  • Ward, Thomas. England's reformation, from the time of King Henry the Eighth, to the end of Oats's plot. A poem in four cantos. By Thomas Ward. In two volumes ... The fifth edition. With marginal notes ... As also, the author's life, ... London: printed and sold by Hue Firstfire, 1742. ESTC No. T120543. Grub Street ID 171564.
  • Ward, Thomas. England's Reformation, (from the time of K. Henry VIII. to the end of Oates's plot.) A poem in four cantos. Adorn'd with copper plates. By Thomas Ward. London: printed in the year, 1747. ESTC No. T132415. Grub Street ID 181337.
  • Ward, Thomas. A demonstration of the uninterrupted succession and holy consecration of the first English bishops. Being an extract from Mr. Ward's second canto of his England's reformation. With an introduction, notes, and an appendix, containing the solemn funeral song of the native Irish. ... [London?]: Printed in the year, 1766. ESTC No. N28871. Grub Street ID 18071.
  • Ward, Thomas. England's reformation: from the time of King Henry Viii, to the end of Oates's plot, a poem, in four Canto's. With large notes, according to the original. By Thomas Ward. Dublin: printed by Peter Hoey, at the Mercury, (no 33) Upper Ormond-Quay, 1791. ESTC No. T75348. Grub Street ID 298080.